14 \\ Ask below and we'll reply! He proposed that a state resembles a biological organism whose life cycle extends from birth through maturity and ultimately decline and death. Real World Implications: -The Domino Theory in which the war in Vietnam was a result -The Marshall plan which was to aid Europe at the end of WWII and combat the spread of Soviet Communism. When a production machine is properly calibrated, it requires an average of 25 seconds per unit produced, with a standard deviation of 3 seconds. \mathrm{B} \\ theory Hypothesis proposed by Halford MacKinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world. The Rio Grande is an important physical boundary on the southern border of the United States. Go, respond. What are examples of a cultural/ethnic or consequent boundary? A need for more housing, especially for lower-income residents. \text { Elec. This idea led to NATO for example. An orange juice producer buys all his oranges from a large orange grove. Table provides financial data for a sample of 36 companies whose stocks trade on the New York Stock Exchange (Investors Business Daily, April 7, 2000). (a) pregnant female (b) 60-year-old white male (c) Buddhist monk (d) All of these would fit into a protected class. 72 \\ 21 \\ \text { C } \\ \mathrm{A} \\ In this document students will learn examples of boundaries, borders, and barriers around the world that exhibit the . If you want more free-response practice, then you might consider getting an AP review book to supplement the online resources listed in this article. \text{\$15,640.00}&\text{\$1,015.00}&\text{\$969.68}&\text{\$226.78}\\ b. The Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which is a strip of land that runs across the Korean Peninsula and separates North and South Korea. \hline & \text { Structure } \mathbf{Y} & \text { Structure } \mathbf{Z} \\ The border between the United States and Canada, which was established as a result of negotiations between the two countries in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. a. 57 \\ This was an age of Air Power and the East-West Cold war perspective. 45 \\ Redistricting is typically carried out in order to reflect changes in population and to ensure that each electoral district has roughly the same number of people. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar. \text { D } \\ \text { C } \\ What are some of the various closing costs that a buyer must pay in a real estate transaction? 17 \\ Voting districts are set up based on population data from the census. political and economic organisation of ten Southeast Asian countries. SAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination BoardTM. As you can see, there are two stimuli (a table and a photograph) and seven parts (A-G), each worth 1 point. 60 Questions | 1 Hour | 50% of Exam Score. The debate over the wearing of burqas and other Islamic veils in European countries, which has been driven in part by concerns about the integration of Muslim immigrants into secular Western cultures. Almost 50 percent of the boundaries in Africa are geometric, and at least 177 ethnic groups are split in two or more states. lands that would protect by creating a surrounding buffer of sympathetic countries, they bind together the people of a state, enable it to function, and give it strength, destabilize and weakens a state, basically the opposite of centripetal force, sovereign state comprising of a town and a surrounding countryside, Ronald Reagan coined the term 'evil empire' for the soviet union and the US was 'the shining city on a hill', basically he developed a sense of 'us' and 'them'. \text { McDermott } \\ \text { D } \\ Microstate (ministate): A country that is small in both population and area. \text { Payless Shoes } \\ The era of confrontation and competition between the US and the Soviet Union when the threat of nuclear war created constant world tension By manipulating district boundaries, political parties can try to ensure that they win a disproportionate number of seats in the government, even if they do not have the support of a majority of voters. What is the future worth of each machine? The border between the United States and Canada is a geometric boundary that separates the two countries. \mathrm{B} \\ 97 \\ ACT Writing: 15 Tips to Raise Your Essay Score, How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League, Is the ACT easier than the SAT? geometric boundary straight lines that serve as political boundaries that are unrelated to physical and/or cultural differences cultural/ethnic or consequent boundary a political boundary that separates different cultures relic boundary a boundary that ceases to exist, however the imprint of the boundary still remains on the cultural landscape Part of the northern boundary between the US and Canada is a straight line along 49 degrees latitude, 45 degrees latitude, and 141 degrees west latitude depending on if you are in MN, VT, or Alaska. 57 \\ Or, laws requiring new developments be constructed with bus lanes, train lines, and stations. The United States has voting boundaries to make voting more representative of the population. 48 \\ 68 \\ The debate over immigration policy in the United States, which has often been fueled by concerns about preserving American cultural values and traditions. The European Union (EU), which is a political and economic union of 27 European countries. boundary that has been forced upon the inhabitants of an area to solve a problem and/or conflict, i.e., Indonesia/Papua New Guinea. . Students employ spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human social organization and its environmental consequences. The border is patrolled by U.S. Border Patrol agents and is fortified with walls and other barriers. \mathrm{B} \\ Eastern Europe was fractured. He argued that land based power, not sea, would rule the world. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Rivers are common boundaries between nations , states, and smaller political units such as counties. Boundaries designed to keep people out \textbf{Earnings}&\textbf{Tax Withheld}&\textbf{Tax Withheld}&\textbf{Withheld}\\[2pt] EPS Rating is a measure of growth in earnings per share for the company. From the following list, identify the accounts that should be closed to Income Summary at the end of the fiscal year under a perpetual inventory system: (f) Supplies. an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal land and foreign affairs Nation-State a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity Stateless nation a nation that does not have a political territory Multinational state Demarcated: borders that are identified by physical objects such as fences. This means you'll get about 25 minutes per question; however, it'll be better for you to try to complete each question within 20 minutes. Data Sys. } Physical Boundary. For ethnic boundaries, they are drawn based on a cultural trait, such as where people share a language or religion. What is the probability that a randomly selected orange will contain between 4.70 and 5.00 ounces of juice? 98 \\ (Social Darwinism as applied to foreign policy). Instead, in the case of geometric boundaries, they are straight lines. \mathrm{B} The Advanced Placement Human Geography (APHG) course introduces students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that have shaped human understanding, use, and alteration of Earth's surface. the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe, the Rio Grande River between the Mexico and the U.S., the Sahara Desert What are some examples of a superimposed boundary? \text { B } \\ \text { Value } 56 \\ The border is heavily militarized and is patrolled by both Indian and Pakistani military forces. vertical lane between states that cuts through the rocks below, and airspace above the surface. \hline a military alliance of western democracies begun in 1949 with 28 member states today; its members agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. 14 \\ \textbf{Total}&\textbf{Federal Income}&\textbf{Social Security}&\textbf{Medicare Tax}\\ Some borders split ethnic groups that are more closely related to the people on the other side of the border. The border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, which was established as a result of the partition of Ireland in 1922. Has many subsidiaries such as the Security Council, World Health Organization (WHO), ). The register also produces a customer receipt but keeps no internal record of the transactions. A group that works to develop an entire region to attract industries to a specific area, a type of multi-national confederation, where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states. \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} \hline \text { Company } & \begin{array}{l} These types of borders don't usually show up on maps. \text { NYMAGIC } \\ What is OTB at cost? In order for states to grow stronger they ne3ed to add new territory. 61 \\ hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, 'c8b8e502-c285-4182-9589-5f8ae230e78a', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. What are some examples of a relict boundary? \text { Sales/Margins/ } \\ \text { Callaway Golf } \\ The boundary between the two countries was created as a result of the Allied victory and the subsequent occupation of Germany by the Soviet Union and other Western powers. For example, a question that asks you to "identify" something will merit a much more succinct answer than one that asks you to "describe" it. 6 \\ The border was guarded by both North Vietnamese and South Vietnamese military forces and was the site of numerous battles and skirmishes. KrogerMattelMcDermottMonacoMurphyOilNordstromNYMAGICOfficeDepotPaylessShoesPraxairReebokSafewayTecoEnergyTexacoUSWestUnitedRentalWachoviaWinnebagoYorkInternational8158842187144676847072798221577680841869780581758766231914980609869832874172293846621875469216893256382420621625745405932726148316512364914BCBCCCBBBEADAEBADDEADBBDBBCCDDDBCEDDABBEADECCCBBADBDCADCABCDBBBEABCAABABSource:InvestorsBusinessDaily,April7,2000.\begin{aligned} an agreement signed Mexico, U.s, Canada to create trade bloc in North AM. As mentioned in Section 13.4, boundaries can influence the solidarity of a state, as boundaries disputes can result in conflict. As you can see above, you'll get no source for question 1, one for question 2, and two for question 3. \text { Wachovia } \\ a city or town that has corporate status and local government. \text { A } \\ JeffersonPlt. This vast desert is one of the driest and hottest places on earth, and it forms a natural barrier between the countries of the region. For example, if there is a huge population of liberal black voters in a district, they would win seats as they outvote conservative white voters. \mathrm{E} \\ Journalize the payment of Houston's June 16-30 payroll on page 8 of a cash payments journal. Of those individuals who play video and computer games, 18%18\%18% are under 18 years old, 53%53\%53% are 18-59 years old, and 29%29\%29% are over 59 years old (The Wall Street Journal, March 6, 2012). Finally, parts B, C, D, F, and G all use the command verb "explain," which means you will really have to go into detail to earn a point for each part of the question. As a reminder, you'll have one hour and 15 minutes to complete three FRQs. This AP Human Geography study guide is going to seek to describe the concept of devolution through the lens of the contemporary political-territorial world order. in the hopes of improving their income or quality of life. The central government created by such a league has only limited powers over the states. A boundary marked by some visible means on the ground, The enforcement and maintaining of a boundary by government, Boundaries that follow a natural feature in the landscape, Delimited boundaries that are drawn according to a latitude or longitude. organization of countries in southeast Asia to promote cultural, economic and political development in the region, formed in 1958 to heal scars from WWII promotes common economic foreign security and justice among other states, military alliance among democratic states to maintain balance in WWII, Unit 4 Political Patterns and Processes 2021,, AP Human Geography Unit 5 - Boundaries & Boun, AP Human Geography Unit 8, Political Geography, Unit 2 Vocabulary: Agriculture and Rural Land. \end{array} & \$ 1,000 & \$ 720 \\ He stated that Eurasia's Rimland (coastal area or buffer zone) is the key to controlling the world island, not the heartland. 46 \\ \text { Relative Strength } Just as with every thoery some people argue against the World Systems Analysis and state that there is an overemphasis on economic factors in political development. But in a situation where two entities who are conflicting over a piece of land create a boundary that satisfies both parties, boundaries can be positive as well. \text { B } \\ Northern Ireland is mostly Protestant and Republic of Ireland is mostly Catholic, Israel/Palestine, Pakistan has a large Muslim population and India has a large Hindu population. \mathrm{C} \\ diverting potential economic investment in the city. In the US, each person in Congress represents about 747,000 people, which is significantly more than the equivalent representative in other countries. It is typically carried out by national governments and is used to gather data on the size, composition, and distribution of a population. Federal and unitary states Ap Human Geography, AP Human Geography- Chapter 11- Agriculture K. BowaterPLCCallawayGolfCentralParkingDeanFoodsDoleFoodElec. \text { B } \\ \text { Mattel } \\ \text { C } \\ Political boundaries can be established through a variety of means, including treaties, agreements, and negotiations between governments or other political actors. The boundary between departments within a company: Many companies are divided into different departments or divisions, with each department responsible for a specific area of the business. The smoke increases the city's air pollution levels. \text { Strength } \text { Relative Price } \\ &\text { Source: Investor's Business Daily, April 7, } 2000 . The Himalayas are a natural boundary that separates China, India, and Nepal. Examples: An ongoing debate between US and Mexico regarding transportation of people and goods across their long mutual border. Delhi is classified as a megacity because it has a total population greater than 10 million. Internal boundaries can be used to define and distinguish different areas or entities within a larger whole, and they can play a role in shaping the identity and character of the smaller units that they divide. After you finish the last part of a particular free-response question, check over all your answers for that question one last time to ensure that everything is the way you want it to be. The wall serves as an internal boundary, dividing China from the steppes to the north. In the middle are the semi periphery. Then you can move on to the next free-response question. We will also discuss why these two forces are vital to the survival of the state. StructureYStructureZFirstCost$4,500$10,000EstimatedLife12years24yearsEstimatedSalvageValueNone$1,800AnnualMaintenanceCost$1,000$720\begin{array}{|l|c|c|} The border between two cities or municipalities can be thought of as a geometric boundary that divides the two jurisdictions. All AP Human Geography Resources . The city's center increases in the size, height, and/or number of large apartment buildings and condominium that attract a growing population of middle-class workers in the country's capital. It also shows the cash received and any change returned to the customer. Or an explanation of the economic development of a state in terms of the external influences--political, economic, and cultural--on national development policies. Likewise, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea is separated by another geometric boundary along the 141st meridian. The border between the United States and Mexico: The border between the United States and Mexico is an internal boundary that divides the two countries. 40 \\ In some countries, participation in the census is required by law and failure to respond can result in fines or other penalties. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which is centered around competing claims to land that is considered holy by both Jewish and Palestinian cultures. Find common denominators and subtract. Physical geography: Physical geography, such as rivers, mountains, or other natural features, can sometimes serve as the basis for internal boundaries. \text { D } \\ Three broad geographic regions (core, periphery, semi-periphery) \hline \text { First Cost } & \$ 4,500 & \$ 10,000 \\ compact state The Rio Grande is an important physical boundary on the southern border of the United States. A state needs sustenance in the form of resources and room to grow. The 6th District was drawn to keep the wealthy, white neighborhoods surrounding the two cities, while black communities are included in the 2nd District, which is largely liberal. The smoke can increase the city's air pollution levels. The Himalayas are a natural boundary that separates China, India, and Nepal. Overall, there are many types of boundaries, and a given boundary can be described by more than one type. 76 \\ \end{aligned} Which of the following employees would not fit into a protected class? occur when states argue over where the boundary actually is. European countries such as England, France, Spain, and Portugal; the border between Romance and Germanic languages that runs trough Belgium, France, Switzerland, and Italy. a. The US has generally wanted stricter controls on Mexico immigration from Mexico and has pressured the Mexican government to control drug trafficking across the border better. AP Human Geography is an introductory college-level human geography course. Set-based questions. Russia was in disarray. Explain: Provide information about how or why a relationship, process, pattern, position, or outcome occurs, using evidence and/or reasoning. Sometimes, these boundaries change suddenly because of armed conflict or state's change gradually through the process of devolution. 12 \\ These boundaries are used to define the areas over which a particular government or political entity has jurisdiction and the areas within which it can exercise its authority. CompanyAdvoAlaskaAirGroupAlliantTechAtmosEnergyBankofAm. \mathrm{A} \\ A stunning series of events between 1989 and 1991 that led to the fall of communist regimes in eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. \text { Nordstrom } \\ If all ethnic groups in Africa were to be enclosed in their own boundaries, Africa would have over 2,000 countries (1). Examples: the United States and Canada have argued over fishing grounds in the Atlantic Ocean. These straight lines could coincide with latitude or longitude, as is the case with the northwestern boundary of the United States with Canada along 49o north latitude. \text { Industry Group } \\ Trade barriers, such as tariffs or quotas, that are imposed by one country on imported goods from another country. Dept. What could you do to correct the weakness. major physical features that serve as a means of separation, boundary that has been forced upon the inhabitants f an area to solve a problem and/or conflict, straight lines that serve as political boundaries that are unrelated to physical and/or cultural differences, a political boundary that separates different cultures, boundary that operates different speakers, boundary that separates different religions, a boundary that ceases to exist, however the imprint of the boundary still remains on the cultural landscape, physical barrier constructed by the state to either keep people in or out of their territory, a boundary that follows a country's coastline 12 miles into the ocean. How would your dividend yield expectations change, if at all, if the companys ROI was 5% higher? \mathrm{D} \\ \text { B } \\ India has a large rural population and urban poor population who are dependent on burning wood for home heating and cooking. This AP Human Geography study guide will explore those forces that divide (centrifugal) or unify (centripetal) a country. a. the Constitution had certain provisions to promote free trade between the states, b. if a state has the consent of Congress and imposes a duty on imports and exports the net proceeds of such duty will be for its own use, c. not every city in the United States is contained within a state, d. a state may engage in war without the consent of Congress but only in very dire circumstances, e. a state may not keep troops in times of peace without the consent of Congress. \end{array} \\ \text { D } \\ \text { B } \\ For example, in the United States (which is delimited by the Mississippi River), there is a "one way" highway north of the border. For example, in eastern Ukraine, the majority of the population speaks Russian and is sympathetic to Russians on the other side of the border. (Agree to create). What are some examples of a fortified boundary? \mathrm{B} \\ "Hijacking" refers to the practice of altering district boundaries to move a group of voters into a different district, in order to change the outcome of an election. The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points, How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer. Source:InvestorsBusinessDaily,April7, World History and Geography: Modern Times. established at the end of WWII to foster international security and cooperation (192 member states); precursor was the League of Nations that went defunct at the beginning of WWII. There was West & East Europe and the USSR. The Strait of Gibraltar is the boundary between southwestern Europe and northwestern Africa. multinational state one that contains more that one nation multistate nation nation that transcends the borders of two or more states autonomous region an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy, or has freedom from an external authority. 79 \\ Geographic and political features of different regions, especially impact of geography on politics, If one country fell under communist control, it would influence surrounding countries to follow the suit. Your free-response score accounts for half your AP Human Geography test score (the other half comes from your multiple-choice section score). Ex. 3. 91 \\ 9 \\ \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} \text { Cost } The division of Yugoslavia into several independent countries in the 1990s.

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