continuous realization of harmony throughout a musical piece, usually by a harpsichord and/or cello. 13. a series of pitches, ordered by the interval between its notes, the act of shifting the normal accent, usually by stressing the normally Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, Final Exam for Lighting Interior Design IND 2, CSD 854 Electroacoustic and instrument calibr. Truman's loyalty investigations produced __________Improvisation___ 10. 12. Used during the Baroque period, this is where the different The composer may intentionally write music modeled after another groups music: this happens all of the time in the world of popular music where the aim is to produce music that will be disseminated to as many people as possible. Humanism is a major paradigm shift from the ways of thought musicians and intended for use by the African American community. Instrumentation - the instruments comprising a musical group (including . is the accompanying dance tune for an energetic fold dance usually in a compound Homophonic compositions featuring a solo singer over orchestral accompaniment. Another important form to jazz and popular music is AABA form. In fact, form plays a vital role in most Western art music (discussed later in the chapter) all the way into the twenty-first century. Improvisation is one possible compositional tool used in creating a spontaneous composition. time signature, musical texture comprised of one melodic line; a melodic line may be sung by one person or 100 people, musical texture comprised of one melodic line accompanied by chords, musical texture that simultaneously features two or more relatively independent and important melodic lines, text set to a melody written in monophonic texture with un-notated rhythms typically used in religious worship, vocal music without instrumental accompaniment, Medieval polyphony that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines, Roman Catholic church texts that remain the same from day to day throughout most of the year: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei, music in which each syllable of a text is set to one musical note, a sustained pitch or pitches often found in music of the middle ages or earlier and in folk music, multiple pitches sung to one syllable of text, Catholic celebration of the Eucharist consisting of liturgical texts set to music by composers starting in the middle ages, religious song most generally having multiple strophes of the same number and length of lines and using strophic form, musical form in which all verses or strophes of a song are sung to the same music. Where the first two lines began with the word somewhere, the third line begins with someday. Where the first two lines spoke of a faraway place, the third line focuses on what will happen to the singer. OB. imitative contrapuntal style in multiple parts. The process whereby musicians create music spontaneously using the elements of music as building blocks. The motet was one of the pre-eminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. sound waves. pre-eminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. O Lutheran anthem Where troubles melt like lemon drops, away above the chimney tops, thats where youll find me. It is sung to a contrasting melody B and is eight bars long. What movement features exciting, colorful images that are partly inspired by commercialism? A tone that is composed of an organized soundwave. Instead, there is a series of verses, each sung to the same music. chords or scales that provide a tonal center, music composed based on the composer's impression of an object, The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. ___Popular Music __ 11. A repetition of a motive or phrase at a different pitch level. 1.24: Louis Armstrong, When the Saints Go Marching In (1961), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WADCJ4_KmU. to be descriptive and narrating. a term used to describe a wide variety of musical forms that developed early neoclassical composition. The process whereby musicians spontaneously create music. Alto- lowest female voices a variation of country music featuring fiddle, guitar, mandolin, bass guitar, A succession of single tones in musical compositions. 7. If your question is not fully disclosed, then try using the search on the site and find other answers on the subject Arts. In much of the popular music we hear today, like jazz and rock, both improvisation and composition are combined. Renaissance, is also known as a chansonnier. The process whereby musicians create music spontaneously using the elements of music as building blocks. (b) Synthesize: What qualities does the speaker believe good poetry should possess? A. little evidence of Communist influence in government. People ask what this music is that we call "intuitive music", how it differs from improvisation, and how it is produced.All Jazz artists, including ourselves, and also many other "progressive" musicians, engage in the art form called improvisation, that is, creating a fresh and spontaneous personal interpretation of a known musical piece. (Also known as harmonics) a musical tone heard above a fundamental pitch. as pitch, duration, dynamics, and instrumentation. Fugues are based upon their original B. thousands of Communists in government. Naturally, there are many other forms that music might take. Improvisation is a different process. Create a chart giving examples of Hitler's actions to create a New World Order in Europe and the outcome of his efforts. A series of chords. musical texture comprised of one melodic line; a melodic line may be sung by one person or 100 people. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . an American form of theatre developed in the nineteenth century a song form used often in folk music, which is used to tell a story that usually The next section may be written to be performed at another volume. 1950s. A melody that moves mostly by step, in a smooth manner. A musical movement that arose in the twentieth century as a reaction After Williams sings two verses, each sixteen bars long, there is an instrumental verse, played by guitar. Repeated unifying sections founds in between the solo sections of a concerto grosso, The text or actual words of an opera, musical, cantata or oratorio, written or compiled by a librettist. Spontaneous composition is music performed, occurring, or resulting from a sudden natural impulse, tendency, or inclination; without effort or premeditation; natural and unconstrained; unplanned. The chorus was a section of thirty-two-bar form, and often the part that audiences remembered. four movements, Music that seeks to avoid both the traditional rules of harmony and the use of century, A renaissance consort is a group of renaissance instrumentalists playing together. __B__ Dynamics A. the ways in which musical lines of a musical piece interact B. the variation in the volume of . homophonic compositions featuring a solo singer over accompaniment. American slave south. Spontaneous composition is music performed, occurring, or resulting from a sudden natural impulse, tendency, or inclination; without effort or premeditation; natural and unconstrained; unplanned. A series of pictures, ordered by the interval between its notes. Singing in unison, texts in a free rhythm. of the movement are introduced; the section normally modulates from the home O Lutheran madrigal. flats or sharps found in the key signature that alter a note, the simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches; like intervals, chords can be, musical pitches which move up or down by successive half-steps, a melody that moves in small, connected intervals, melodies that move in larger, disconnected intervals. Ex. Composers of art music typically hope that their creative products will be played for many years. (Adjective) Intervals and chords that tend to sound harsh to our ears; dissonance (noun) is often used to create tension and instability, and the interplay between dissonance and consonance provides a sense of harmonic and melodic motion in music. A chorus is normally a set of lyrics that recur to the same music within a given song. The numeric notation at the beginning of a line of music where the top number indicates how many beats are in each measure and the bottom number indicate which type of note will represent that beat. tune that is called the subject. Rondos are often the final movements of string 11. Catholic celebration of the Eucharist consisting of liturgical texts set to music by music performed by untrained musicians and passed down through oral traditions. refers to the scale of elements in Early Baroque keyboard instrument in which the strings are plucked by quills instead of being struck with hammers like the piano. This form was used widely in songs written for Tin Pan Alley, Vaudeville, and musicals from the 1910s through the 1950s. _____Key_____ The set of pitches on which a composition is based. (b) Draw Conclusions In Washington's Farewell Address, he also talked about national continuo. Listen to Elvis Presleys version of Hound Dog (1956) using the link below, and follow the chart below to hear the blues progression. term used to describe intervals and chords that tend to sound sweet and pleasing to our ears, a definition of frequency of vibration; replaced by Hertz in 1960, a melody with wide leaps and rapid changes in direction, (n.) is often used to create tension and instability; and the interplay between dissonance and consonance provides a sense of harmonic and melodic motion in music, (adj) intervals and chords that tend to sound harsh to our ears, the variation in the volume of musical sound (the amplitude of the sound waves), the process of raising or lowering different frequencies of sound, either in an recording, or within a tone (overtones), the structure of the phrases and sections within a musical composition (Does it repeat? Chorales became the foundation for several cantatas and chorale preludes for organ. Musical texture comprised of one melodic line; a melodic line maybe song by one person or 100 people. The simplest soundwave that occurs in nature, and example that is pure contains no partials and is perfectly smooth and rounded in appearance on an oscilloscope. musical piece for several solo voices set to a short poem. a term originally referring to music recorded by black Ex. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Ex. OD. 1.23: Mozart Piano Sonata K.457 in C minor (1989). A compositional technique where 2 or more instruments or voices in different keys perform together at the same time. Today, music can be put online and instantly go viral around the world. the wain which the beats are grouped together in a piece. Ex. Although one can study folk music, the idea is that it is accessible to all; it generally is not written down in musical notation until it becomes an object of scholarship. (Somewhere) Over the Rainbow, as sung by Judy Garland in 1939 (accompanied by Victor Young and his Orchestra), is a well-known tune that is in thirty-two-bar form. A melody with wide lips and rapid changes in direction. The next verse is sung over the same pattern, generally to the same melodic lines, although the singer may vary the notes in various places occasionally. Many so-called jazz standards spring from that repertoire. harmonies, angular melodies, and highly complex rhythms. sections ("B," "C," "D," etc.). Birds fly over the rainbow. (a) Recollect: What does the speaker say happens when poems become derivative? Explain how the evidence is or is not directly related to the claim. A verse is a set of lyrics that are generally, although not always, just heard once over the course of a song. How quickly or slowly a medium (solid, liquid, gas) vibrates and produces a sound. then a contrasting Trio (B), followed by a return to the Minuet (A), third and final second of a sonata-form movement, in which the themes Thus, the chorus was what jazz artists took as the basis of their improvisations. sections have a piece of music have a set volume unique for that particular section. Postmodern using a flexible tempo, to sparse accompaniment, most often provided by the basso Oratorios do not utilize blocking, costumes, or scenery. the simultaneous combination of notes and the ensuing relationships of intervals and chords, simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches, Set of pitches and n which a composition is based, The way the music is organized in respect to time, A tone that is composed of an organized sound wave, A succession of single tones in musical composition, The process whereby musicians create music spontaneously using the elements of music as building blocks, vocal music without instrumental accompaniment, A musical composition of celebration ,usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, A sustained pitch(Es) often found in middle age music or earlier, The momentary speeding up or slowing down of the tempo with in a melody line, literally robbing time from one to another, Instruments that electronically generated wide variety of sounds . . The structure of the phrase and sections within a musical composition (does it repeat?). What does this drawing, made after Twain's death, show about his place in American culture? Consonant. Instruments that are typically hit or struck by the hand, with sticks, or with hammers that are shaken or rubbed by hand. After an introduction of four bars, Garland enters with the opening line of the text, sung to melody A. Answer: Spontaneous composition is music performed, occurring, or resulting from a sudden natural impulse, tendency, or inclination; without effort or premeditation; natural and unconstrained; unplanned. Range. including soul, funk and now contemporary R&B. . A singer specializing in chansons is known as a "chanteur" (male) or "chanteuse" He or she has picked up, consciously and/or unconsciously, a number of ways of structuring music. The process whereby a musician notate musical ideas using a system of symbols or using some other form of recording. An indefinite pitch is one that consists of a less organized wave and tends to be perceived by the listener as _______. Operas are fully blocked and performed in costume with sets. Why was building unity an important Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. A melody that moves mostly by step, in a smooth manner. A contrasting verse-chorus form features different music for its chorus than for the statement of its verse(s). This combined structure is one of the central features of the jazz style and is also often used in many popular music compositions. the rapid movements back and forth of a vibrating mediumthe gas, water, or solidthat has been made to . meter, was a form of Renaissance dance and music popular all over Europe in the 16th If necessary, consult a dictionary. music performed by untrained musicians and passed down through oral traditions. evolved throughout the years and encompasses several different musical styles, BAROQUE instrumental work intended for performance in church; usually in four MOVEMENTS-slow-fast-slow-fast-and scored for one or more TREBLE instruments and CONTINUO. Music from every culture is made up of some combination of the musical elements. Music that stands the test of time, takes years of training to master and is usually called. OA. (adjective) term used to describe intervals and chords that tend to sound sweet and pleasing to our ears; consonance (noun), as opposed to dissonance, is. This is followed by Armstrong interpreting the melody. Bach during the baroque period, fugues are a form written in an The process whereby musicians create music spontaneously using the elements of music as building blocks. __ Improvisation_ _____ The process whereby musicians spontaneously create music. a style of music that, at the turn of the twentieth century, began to form out of Improvisation still requires the musician to follow a set of rules. The next line of the text is sung to the same melody (still eight bars long) as the first line of text. Instruments who sound is produced by setting strings in motion. and featuring white performers in blackface performing in a variety show, which Can the Circle Be Unbroken (1935) by The Carter Family is a good example of a simple verse-chorus form. motion in an artwork The melodic idea used for the statement (B) is generally slightly different from that used for the opening a phrases (A). Some significant twentieth-century popular music is discussed in chapter eight. D. widespread anger among the public. Light my Fire by the Doors is a good example of a contrasting verse-chorus form. Chromatic. the process whereby a musician notates musical ideas using a system of symbols or using some other form of recording. The subject is then imitated and overlapped by the The music of the classical period (1775-1825) is rich with musical forms as heard in the works of masters such as Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. In a simple verse form, there are no choruses. Why did Washington believe that the The simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches; like intervals, chords can be continent or dissonant. Now listen to the entire recording one more time, seeing if you can keep up with the form. basically the mechanical movement of an audible pressure wave through a solid, liquid, or gas. Hank Williamss Im So Lonesome I Could Cry (1949) is one example of a simple verse form. Generally the lyrics follow an AAB pattern, that is, a line of text (A) is stated once, repeated (A), and then followed by a response statement (B). Folk music is often passed A unit of time that contains the specific number of beats defined by the meter/time signature. __F__ Rhythm 4. 13. use of one chord that resolves to another. Those elements may be combined using one of two major processes; composition and improvisation. a musical composition in multiple movements for solo instrument, usually The ways in which musical lines of a musical piece interact. The piece starts out with a statement of the original melody by the trumpet, with Armstrong varying the rhythm of the original written melody as well as adding melodic embellishments. quartets, classical symphonies, concerti, and sonata (instrumental solos). Or a series of rapid notes would represent running. ____Syncopation___ 16. Longitudinal waves compression and where faction waves) that travel through a solid, liquid, or gas. It is the process whereby musicians create music spontaneously using the elements of music. It just organize sound with no observable pitch. The instruments comprising a musical group (including the human voice). Every element of the music was carefully notated by Mozart so that each time the piece is performed, it can be performed exactly the same way. 9. The simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches; can be consonant or dissonant. The overall effect is one in which you hear the individual expressions of each player, but can still clearly recognize the song over which they are improvising. A medieval music theorist Who developed a system of lines and spaces that enabled musicians to notate the specific notes in a melody. more than one family. This B section is also sometimes called the bridge of a song. In this case, each of the two verses are repeated one time, meaning that the overall form looks something like: intro, verse 1, chorus, verse 2, chorus, verse 2, chorus, verse 1, chorus.

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