The 1932 election was the second of only two direct presidential elections of the Weimar period. President Paul von Hindenburg appointed a minority government, headed by the Centre Party's Heinrich Brning, which could only govern by using Hindenburg's emergency powers. And if you liked this post, be sure to check out these popular posts: Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party didn't simply take Germany by force. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. 14 According to the financial report of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund for the year 1930, the total income of all the affiliated trade unions amounted to 29,795,653.97 marks, of which 20,739,629.41 marks were derived from dues. Hindenburg remained the only independent politician elected president of Germany until the election of Joachim Gauck nearly 80 years later. The Communist Party increased their vote share as well. By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler from a little known extremist to a leading candidate for President. Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party representatives pose together for a photograph while planning their election campaign. However, the prospect of Adolf Hitler being elected President of Germany persuaded the reluctant incumbent to seek a second term. This reduced their votes from 230 - 196 votes.. The Democratic Parties, united under a single banner, drive through the streets of Germany trying to rally the people to keep the fascists and the communists out. Party representatives stand outside a polling station during the federal election, holding their placards high. Newly-appointed Chancellor Adolf Hitler, at the window of the Chancellery, waves at his supporters. The liberal German People's Party and the German State Party also declared their support. 12 Hitler became a German citizen shortly before the election by becoming an official of the government of the state of Braunschweig, one of the seventeen German Lnder. Wer hilft? Hindenburg, who owed his election the support of the Social Democrats, took office with little enthusiasm. Hitler came second to Hindenburg, who won 53 per cent of the vote to Hitlers 36.8 per cent. Adolf Hitler salutes his supporters as he drives down the streets of Berlin, celebrating his intention to run in the German presidential election. APSR, President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. Joseph Goebbels addresses a massive crowd that has come out to support the Nazi Party. There were two rounds to the presidential election of 1932. The first round was in March, but as no candidate won 50% of the vote there was a second round in April. Who were the candidates in the presidential election of 1932 in Germany? This was the second and final direct election to the office of President of the Reich (Reichsprsident), Germany's head of state under the Weimar Republic. Hindenburg's reelection failed to prevent the NSDAP from assuming power. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Elecciones presidenciales de Alemania de 1932; 1932; eleiciones presidenciales d'Alemaa de 1932; eleccions presidencials alemanyes de 1932; Reichsprsidentenwahl 1932; 1932.; 1932; prsidentvalget i Tyskland 1932; 1932 Almanya cumhurbakanl seimleri; 1932; Presidentvalet i Tyskland 1932; 1932; 1932; 1932; 1932 ; elezioni presidenziali tedesche del 1932; lection prsidentielle allemande de 1932; 1932; 1932; Eleio presidencial na Alemanha em 1932; 1932.; Saksan presidentinvaalit 1932; ; 1932; Pemilihan umum Presiden Jerman 1932; Wybory prezydenckie w Niemczech w 1932 roku; 1932 ; 1932; Duitse presidentsverkiezing 1932; 1932; 1932; Predsedniki izbori u Nemakoj 1932.; 1932 German presidential election; 1932; 1932; Presidentvalget i Tyskland 1932; Election in Germany between Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler. He increased his profile by travelling around the country to give speeches. Hindenburg, Hitler, and Thlmann competed in the second round, after Dusterberg had resigned. 18 The Hindenburg parties were: the German People's party, Agricultural party, German Hannoverian party, People's party, Christian Socialists, Center party, Bavarian People's party, Farmers' League, Economic, Democratic, and Social Democratic parties. 20 Fear of communism seems to have been one of the reasons why the government tolerated the Hitler army for so long. WebWhat were the results of the presidential election of 1932? Hindenburg LS23 6AD Company Reg no: 04489574. 17 Frankfurter Zeitung, April 12, 1932, p. 2Google Scholar. What happened in the presidential election in 1932? 68Google Scholar. Indeed, leftist splinter parties such as the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany and the Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund organization declared their support, as did intellectuals like Carl von Ossietzky. discipline. Although the Weimar Constitution had provided for a semi-presidential republic, structural weaknesses and political polarization had resulted in a paralyzed Reichstag and this combined with the Great Depression resulted in a government that had governed exclusively via presidential decrees since March 1930, giving the President much power. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to stand against Hindenburg. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Like in 1925, the Communist Party nominated Ernst Thlmann. 13 There are at present in Germany ten broadcasting companies, with sixteen substations. Render date: 2023-04-29T20:35:26.918Z Why was the presidential election of 1932 in Weimar Germany important? Some on the left were still lukewarm towards Hindenburg; the Communists exploited this by running Thlmann and promoting him as "the only left candidate". On August 19, 1934, Adolf Hitler, already chancellor, is also elected president of Germany in an unprecedented consolidation of power in the short history of the republic. internationally. All other parties combined held less than half the seats in the Reichstag, meaning no majority coalition government could be formed without including at least one of these two parties. [citation needed] In view of that threat, the Social Democrats and Brning's Centre Party would support Hindenburg in contrast to the 1925 presidential election, when the non-partisan had been the candidate of the political right and had been strenuously opposed by much of the moderate left and political centre. As Hindenburgs current chancellor could no longer gain a majority in the Reichstag, and Hitler could bring together a larger swath of the masses and a unified right/conservative/nationalist coalition, the president gave in. President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to stand against Hindenburg. In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. 2. The RFB, the Communist Party's equivalent to the Sturmabteilung, patrol the streets looking for Nazis to fight. There were two presidential elections; there were two national elections; and there was a big Prussian I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: 1932 German presidential election by District (2nd round).svg, (SVG file, nominally 726 572 pixels, file size: 3.64 MB), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0, Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International, User:Magog the Ogre/Political maps/2022 December 1-10, User:Magog the Ogre/Political maps/2022 December 11-20, User:Magog the Ogre/Political maps/2022 May 11-20, User:Magog the Ogre/Political maps/2022 May 21-31, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Erinthecute, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1932_German_presidential_election_by_District_(2nd_round).svg&oldid=746767454, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Fixed borders in the Dsseldorf Regierungsbezirk. None (Papen remained as unelected Chancellor). On April 13, 1932, President von Hindenburg issued a special decree abolishing these National Socialist organizations. On President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. The 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. But that was not enough for Hitler either. Hindenburg had been elected to the office in 1925 with the support of a coalition of several parties on the right who hoped that he would overturn the Weimar Republic, which was never particularly popular. Last chance to attend a Grade Booster cinema workshop before the exams. WebIn the presidential election held on March 13, 1932, Hitler got over eleven million votes (11,339,446) or 30% of the total. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. Since 1929, Germany had been suffering from the Great Depression; unemployment had risen from 8.5% to nearly 30% between 1929 and 1932,[2] while industrial production dropped by around 42%. 5 Dr.Kaisenberg, Georg, Die Wahl des Beichsprsidenten (Carl Heymanns, 1932), supp. Mrz, 1932, report published by the minister of the Department of the Interior. Neither the Nazi Party nor Hindenburg had a governing majority, and the other parties refused to co-operate, meaning no coalition government with a majority could be formed. Published online by Cambridge University Press: With this fear removed after the results of the election were known, belief in Hitler's promise gave way to distrust and a desire to cripple the movement. WebHis party won the most seats, and the governor-general appointed him PM, so it's fair to say he won. Die Ergebnisse der Reichsprsidentenwahlen am 13. "The German Reichstag Elections of July 31, 1932", The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=July_1932_German_federal_election&oldid=1144885216, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Kleinrentner, Inflationsgeschdigte und Vorkriegsgeldbesitzer, Worker and Farmer Party of Germany/Christian Radical People's Front, Interessengemeinschaft der Kleinrentner und Inflationsgeschdigten, National Socialist People's Alliance for Truth and Justice, Handwerker, Handels- und Gewerbetreibende, Kriegsteilnehmer, Kriegsbeschdigte und Kriegshinterbliebene, Gerechtigkeitsbewegung fr Parteienverbot gegen Lohn-, Gehalts- und Rentenkrzungen fr Arbeitsbeschaffung, Deutsche Einheitspartei fr wahre Volkswirtschaft, Untersttzungsempfnger- Partei Deutschlands, Hchstgehalt der Beamten 5000 M. Fr die Arbeitslosen und bis jetzt abgewiesenen Kriegsbeschdigten, Liste gegen Krzung der Invaliden-, Sozial- und Kriegsbeschdigtenrenten, Der ernste evangelisch-lutherische Christ (Gerechtigkeits-Bewegung), Bund Bayerisches Handwerk und Gewerbe, Haus- und Grundbesitz und Landwirtschaft, Schicksalsgemeinschaft deutscher Erwerbslosen, Kampfgemeinschaft der Rentner, Sparer und Inflationsgeschdigten, Nationale Rentner, Sparer und Inflationsgeschdigte, Party of the Unemployed for Work and Bread, Freiheitliche National-Soziale Deutsche Mittelstandsbewegung, National-soziale Partei gegen die Hauszinssteuer, Kampfgemeinschaft fr Handwerk, Gewerbe, Hausbesitz und Landwirtschaft, General Social-National Unity Worker Party of Germany, Freiwirtschaftsbewegung fr Freiland, Freigeld, Festwhrung, Kampfbund der Lohn- und Gehaltsabgebauten und Auslandsgeschdigten, Kampfgemeinschaft der Lohn- und Gehaltsabgebauten, This page was last edited on 16 March 2023, at 03:20. 25 How impossible it is to determine exactly how the votes lost to the Communists, German Nationalists, and Winter were really distributed is shown clearly in an article Die Stimmen-Verschiebung in Das Tagebuch, April 16, 1932Google Scholar. Total loading time: 0 They were full of distrust and racial hatred, and they made their voices heard by going out to the polls and voting for the Nazi Party. WebRM DAT1RE Hitler, Adolf, 20.4.1889 - 30.4.1945, German politician (NSDAP), with a young girl, election campaign, 1932, RM R8J321 President Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler on January 30th, 1933, when the latter was appointed chancellor in a President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Behind him, a man holds up a poster with Hitler's face. WebThe 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. the Proceedings of the APSA. The election campaign took place under violent circumstances, as Papen lifted the token ban on the SA, the Nazi paramilitary, which Brning had put in place during the last days of his administration. How Hitler And The Nazi Party Convinced Germany To Vote For Fascism, Mark Oliver is a writer, teacher, and father whose work has appeared on The Onion's StarWipe, Yahoo, and Cracked, and can be found on his, "The Most Bizarre Dinosaur Ever Found" Just Solved A Huge Evolutionary Mystery, Why An Australian Senator Wore A Burqa To Parliament (VIDEO), What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Moreover, Hitler won more seats in 1932 (in either election) than any prior party had. The presidential election was important because it showed how popular Hitler was. Nazi Party NSDAP. Hindenburg Hindenburg died of lung cancer on August 2, 1934. Feature Flags: { for this article. hasContentIssue false, Copyright American Political Science Association 1932, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Incumbent President Paul von Hindenburg was 84 years old and in poor health. Hitler's paramilitary "Brownshirts" sit down with a farmer and his wife and try to persuade them to vote Nazi. 9 Jahrbuch der Berufsverbnde im Deutschen Reiche (1930), p. 58Google Scholar. This page was last edited on 24 January 2022, at 00:11. In February 1933, Hitler blamed a devastating Reichstag fire on the communists (its true cause remains a mystery) and convinced President Hindenburg to sign a decree suspending individual and civil liberties, a decree Hitler used to silence his political enemies with false arrests. All of these companies are now members of a central organization really under the control of the Post Office Department, which holds 51 per cent of the stock of the central organization, which in turn controls 55.1 per cent of the capital of the member companies. DNVP and Stahlhelm abstained from making any recommendations, while the Agricultural League and the industrialist Fritz Thyssen declared themselves in favour of Hitler. President Paul A truck drives by, covered in propaganda calling on the people to keep Paul von Hindenburg as President of Germany and keep the fascists out. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Earlier in Hitler's political career, a crowd of people fill a Munich beer hall to hear him speak. Hitler then proceeded to purge the Brown Shirts (his storm troopers), the head of which, Ernst Rhm, had begun voicing opposition to the Nazi Partys terror tactics. Hitler had Rhm executed without trial, which encouraged the army and other reactionary forces within the country to urge Hitler to further consolidate his power by merging the presidency and the chancellorship. 2 For a good discussion of the nature of modern political parties in Germany, see ProfessorNeumann, S., Die Deutschen Parteien, Junker und Dnnhaupt, 1932Google Scholar. People came out in droves and cast their votes to give the Reichstag to the Nazis and they really believed that they were making the right choice. 114Google Scholar. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. [3] Papen's minority government continued in office, leading to another early election in November. WebNovember 1932 Election. Von Papen resigned on November 17th 1932. Hitler's results were a great disappointment to him, nevertheless the Nazi Party recorded further gains compared with the 1930 Reichstag election. The Nazi Party succeeded by played into the country's worries. Enter a date in the format M/D (e.g., 1/1), Adolf Hitler becomes president of Germany, https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/adolf-hitler-becomes-president-of-germany, Benjamin Banneker writes to Thomas Jefferson, urging justice for African Americans, West Memphis Three released from prison after 18 years, Captured U.S. spy pilot sentenced in Russia, First race is held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, President Wilson appears before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, The Beatles kick off first U.S. tour at San Franciscos Cow Palace, CIA-assisted coup overthrows government of Iran. For a complete list, see Handbuch der Weltpresse (Carl Duncker, 1931)Google Scholar. Heeresgeschichtliches Museum, Wien (Museum of Military History, Vienna) 2014.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:German_presidential_election_(1932)&oldid=623893595, Elections and referendums in the Weimar Republic, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. WebThe 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. View all Google Scholar citations In 1932, German President Paul von Hindenburg, old, tired, and a bit senile, had won re-election as president but had lost a considerable portion of his right/conservative support to the Nazi Party. The federal election and Hitler's shot at becoming chancellor was just around the corner. WebUnused ballot distributed for the first round of the 1932 Presidential election in Germany held March 12. Founded in 1903, the American Political Science Association is the major professional While it's easy to forget or misunderstand this, during the 1932 federal elections, nearly 14 million Germans voted for Hitler, the Nazis, and fascism. Web1932 German presidential election; Metadata. The German National People's Party in an earlier election, drives through the streets with an anti-semitic poster on their truck. Who were the candidates in the presidential election of 1932 in Germany? But Hitler was not appeased. publication of the American Political Science Association (APSA). With so much debt to pay off, German money became practically worthless. April 1932: Hindenburg, 19 million votes (53%); Hitler, 13 million votes (36%); Thlmann, 4 million votes (11%). Germany's Communist Party, the KPD, deck out their campaign office with signs warning of the dangers of voting for Hitler. 22 It may be of interest to cite some of the slogans, taken from a collection of about 100 different posters. Changing the day will navigate the page to that given day in history. By July 31, 1932, the people were angry. Boston House, Critical Thinking Questions What can artifacts such as this one tell us about life in Germany before the Nazi rise to power? March 7, 1936 Hitler Reoccupies the Rhineland The area known as the Rhineland was a strip of German land that borders France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. 1932 German presidential election by District (2nd round).svg. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Gesetz ber die Wahl des Reichsprsidenten, March 6, 1924, par. Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag. In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). All Rights Reserved. 3 As disclosed in an article by Mller, Johannes, Protestant pastor in Leipzig, entitled, Die Evangelischen und der Staat, Frankfurter Zeitung, April 8, 1932Google Scholar. It's a dark, Content may require purchase if you do not have access. The problem was settled (in the second attempt) by Dietrich Klagges, Nazi state minister in Brunswick, when he appointed him a government official. 1 Presidential nominations may be made in one of two ways: by petitions signed by 20,000 eligible voters, or by a group or party proposal signed by only 20 voters, if such group or party has a representative in the Beichstag and received at least 500,000 votes at the last Reichstag election. They promised to tear up the Treaty of Versailles, refuse to pay their debts, and take back the land that had been taken from them after the war. research in colleges and universities in the U.S. and abroad, one-fourth work Brning recognized that only a general support from the right would induce Hindenburg to announce his readiness for candidacy. We choose Hinderburg is written in pseudo-Hebrew font and his supporters are men who brought shame on Germany with the Versailles Treaty, as well as years of social unrest and hyperinflation. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Current one is: August 19. This would be the last presidential election in what would become West Germany and East Germany until 1949. A party was permitted to nominate an alternative candidate in the second round, but in 1932 this did not occur (unlike 1925). He scored higher election results in traditional Social Democratic and Centre strongholds such as the Prussian Rhine Province or Saxony. Nazi supporters march in celebration after hearing that Hitler has been appointed Chancellor of Germany.

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